Precision Worldwide - 1622 Words

Precision Worldwide, Inc. Case Study Case Study Background: Precision Worldwide, Inc. (PWI) manufactures industrial machines and equipment for sale in numerous countries. Repair and replacement parts account for a substantial part of the company’s business. The replacement part in question, steel rings, occur in the machines manufactured only in PWI’s Frankfurt Germany plant, but can also be used on some competitor’s machines. The steel ring manufactured by PWI has an average normal life of about 2 months. Machines require between 2 and 6 rings to operate. Individual rings are replaced as they wear out. Over the years, competition had increased and now a competitor company, the French firm Henri Poulenc, has entered the market with a†¦show more content†¦For this analysis purpose, if we consider that PWI is going to stop making steel rings, the cost of materials already bought is a ‘sunk cost’ to the extent that it exceeds what the materials are now worth if sold or held for fu ture use. For 100 Steel Rings: Cost of Material (Sunk Cost): (321.90) Cost of Labor (100% labor charge): 196.50 Cost of overhead: 157.2 Total cost – Sunk cost: 675.6 – 321.9 = $353.7 Unit cost of Steel Ring (with Material cost as Sunk): 353.70 / 100 = $3.54 Table 3: Relevant cost from Table A of case study supplied by cost accounting department of PWI with steel ring Labor costs at the 70% of regular wages during slack period and, steel ring material costs included as a sunk cost, administrative overhead cost removed, and departmental overhead cost reduced. For 100 Steel Rings: Cost of material (Sunk Cost): (321.9) Cost of Labor (70% of regular labor charge): $137.55 Cost of overhead: $157.2 Total Cost – Sunk Cost = $294.75 Unit cost of Steel Ring (with Material cost as sunk cost and labor charges reduced to 70%): $294.75 / 100 = $2.95 6) Table 4: The effect of Plastic Ring versus Steel Ring Lifespan. Assume a company called ‘A’, needs 6 rings to operate the machine Life Span of Steel Ring: 2 Months; In 16 months, they replaceShow MoreRelatedPrecision Worldwide1110 Words   |  5 PagesPrecision Worldwide Inc. Precision Worldwide, Inc. (PWI) has a plant located in Germany which manufactures industrial machines, equipment and replacement parts for sale in numerous countries. Repair and replacement parts, which accounted for a substantial part of the company’s business is now facing a dilemma, a new competitor has entered the market with a replacement part, a plastic ring, which PWI had in the past used a special steel to produce. During a meeting with the general manager, HansRead MorePrecision Worldwide1583 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Precision Worldwide,Inc (PWI) is a manufacturing company of industrial machines and equipment for almost 90 years. One of their plants located in Frankfurt, Germany, produces a particular model at a price ranging from $ 18,900 to $ 28,900. Moreover, the plant has another department that manufactures steel retaining rings. These rings are considered as an integrate parts of the machines they are actually manufactured. This department can sell their rings either internally or externallyRead MorePrecision Worldwide, Inc1239 Words   |  5 PagesCASE WRITE-UPS: â€Å"Precision Worldwide, Inc.† When a competitor develops and introduces a superior product, that is less costly to manufacture and even many times usable and durable, Hans Thorborg, the general manager of the German plant of Precision Worldwide, Inc.(PWI), and his team have to decide to math the competitor’s product. When to do so, how to price or what sustainable competitive advantage they need to adopt during the next strategic period, given that they hold a large inventory, whichRead MorePrecision Worldwide, Inc1726 Words   |  7 PagesPrecision Worldwide, Inc. Introduction When a competitor develops and introduces a superior product that is less costly to manufacture and even many times usable and durable, the key to people at Precision Worldwide must decide whether to match the competitors product, when to do so, how to price or what sustainable competitive advantage it needs to adopt during the next strategic period, given that it holds a large inventory of its now inferior product. This issue concerns the steel and plasticRead MoreBUS5431 Case 1 Precisions Worldwide Essay752 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Harvard Business Case 1 - Precision World Wide, Inc. Managerial Accounting BUS5431, Spring 2015 What action should Hans Thorborg take? Why? Hans Thorborg is the general manager of a manufacturing firm, Precision Worldwide, Inc., which produces steel rings for various domestic and international companies. Recently there has been a shift in the market to a new product, a ring made of plastic rather than steel. The new product is of a higher quality in regard to consumer concernsRead MorePrecision Worldwide, Inc Havard Case Study Essay examples1033 Words   |  5 PagesSUBJECT: Precision Worldwide, Inc. RECOMMENDATION: My recommendation for Precision Worldwide, Inc. (PWI) is to immediately stop the production of steel rings. PWI then needs to sell the remaining steel rings to at least recoup some of their initial investment. In the meantime they should start producing, selling, and distributing plastic rings to their entire market of customers while attracting new customers who may prefer this new option. CONCLUSION: By changing their production offering toRead MoreEssay on History of Fender ® Musical Instruments Corporation937 Words   |  4 Pagesillustrious history dating back to 1946, Fender has touched and transformed music worldwide and in nearly every genre: rock ‘n roll, country and western, jazz, rhythm and blues and many others. Everyone from beginners and hobbyists to the worlds most acclaimed artists and performers have used Fender instruments and amps, and legendary Fender instruments such as the Telecaster ® and Stratocaster ® guitars and Precision ® and Jazz ® bass guitars are universally acclaimed as design classics. In the 1940sRead MorePrecision642 Words   |  3 PagesPrecision Worldwide,Inc (PWI) Precision Worldwide,Inc (PWI) is a manufacturing company of industrial machines and equipment for almost 90 years. One of their plants located in Frankfurt, Germany, produces a particular model at a price ranging from $ 18,900 to $ 28,900. Moreover, the plant has another department that manufactures steel retaining rings. These rings are considered as an integrate part of the machines they are actually manufacturing. This department can sell their rings eitherRead MoreColgate Palmolive Toothbrush Case Study1303 Words   |  6 Pagess new toothbrush, Precision, and choose the one that is the most suitable in the face of the market competition and consumer needs. The report also aims to make recommendations for the positioning, branding, communication and promotion of the product under the chosen strategy. Situation Analysis Company: In 1991, CP held 43% of the world toothpaste market and 16% of the world toothbrush market. Other oral care products included dental floss and mo uth rinses. In 1991, worldwide sales of CP s oralRead MoreAccounting781 Words   |  4 PagesSince Henri Poulenc, the competitor of Precision Worldwide, only influences 10% of the market share worldwide. As mentioned the new plastic rings would not be produced by any company other than Henri Poulenc for some time. Financials aside, knowing this information would negate the urgency made by sales manager, Gerhard Henk, who commented that if customers found out plastic rings were sold elsewhere then it would be detrimental the sales of Precision Worldwide machines – which are many times the print

Comparing Meso And South American Mythology - 889 Words

In Meso and South American mythology, Jaguars were both admired and feared and often extensively integrated into stories and religious traditions and rituals. Shamans of this area that were believed to be able to take the form of these large predators, known as â€Å"were-jaguars,† were feared due to their ability to make contact with dangerous spirits and other harmful forces, which had a profound impact on Mesoamerican beliefs. Due to Jaguars being the most powerful and aggressive predator to inhabit these areas, they were additionally associated with fertility, royalty, the Earth, and even included in myths of creation and cataclysms. The Mayans even believed the sun god, Ahau Kin, would become the Jaguar god while he spent time in the Underworld during the time between the sunset and sunrise. The Aztec calendar depicts the cosmology of the world by illustrating different stages, events and destinies of both individuals, society, and the world that either occurred in the past or will occur in the future. Additionally, this calendar was also used to count the years and ran parallel with the solar year. The calendar comprised of 260 days that were divided into 20 weeks, each of which was controlled by a specific deity, with each day having its own assigned god or goddess. Furthermore, the Aztec calendar displays principal elements of the fifth creation, which justifies war and sacrifice, and illustrates the belief that sacrifices were necessary to nourish the gods. It is

Age Related Changes That Occur in the Cardiovascular System Free Essays

Age Related Changes that Occur in the Cardiovascular System Age Related Changes that Occur in the Cardiovascular System In the normal conduction of the heart the electrical impulse starts in the SA node, also called the pacemaker of the heart. The electrical impulse travels through the right atrium and through the Bachmann’s bundle into the left atrium. This stimulates the atria to contract. We will write a custom essay sample on Age Related Changes That Occur in the Cardiovascular System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Next the signal travel to the AV node. The AV node slightly delays the signal. This delay is needed for the heart to beat properly. The Cardiovascular System iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/the-cardiovascular-system-intrinsic-conduction-system/embed/#?secret=ut1rhQbsSH" data-secret="ut1rhQbsSH" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;The Cardiovascular System#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Without this delay the atria and ventricles would beat at the same time. The electrical signal then travels to the Bundle of His where it is split into the signals going to the right and left ventricle. The signal travels through the left and the right Bundle Branch to contract the ventricles. As the body ages there are changes in the cardiovascular system. Some of these changes include major changes in heart rate, blood vessels become more stiff and thicker, heart valves become thicker and more stiff, the SA node loses cells and developes fibrous tissue. One major change is the decrease in the elasticity of the aorta and great arteries. The normal aorta allows for normal expansion during systole. Left ventricular ejection creates a pressure wave which travels the length of the aorta to the periphery. The pulse generated at a peripheral vessel is the result of this pressure wave and is not a reflection of blood flow. The velocity of the pressure wave is termed the pulse wave velocity. Age-related aortic stiffening causes an increase in the pulse wave velocity. The wave velocity in the elderly results in an elevation in the systolic blood pressure. The pulse wave is faster resulting in the reflected wave reaching the ascending aorta in the late systole rather than early diastole. Coronary artery disease also called CAD is the leading cause of death in both men and women. CAD is the leading type of heart disease in the United States. CAD is the hardening and build up of plaque inside the arteries that supply the heart with blood. The main part of plaque is cholesterol followed by other minerals. This type of build up is called atherosclerosis. As this grows it occludes the arteries which in turn decreases the amount of oxygen reaching the heart. This can lear to chest pain and heart attacks. The risk of CAD increases with age. 37% of people in the age range of 65-74 years old and 48% of those over the age of 75 (REF 1) reported having this type of illness. In the 75 years and over, more than one third of men and approximately one quarter of women are currently living with coronary artery disease. Hypertension is more common in the 60 and over range. Hypertension is define as a blood pressure of 140/90 or greater. Hypertension is related to the loss of elasticity in the aorta. Blood pressure mainly systolic pressure rises with age. In a community based study 90% of midlife adults with normal blood pressure developed hypertension in late life. (Ref 2) Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart beat. It’s more common in the aging adult. Arrhythmias occur when the electrical signals on the heart are not working correctly and making the heart beat in irregular rhythm. Many different things can lead to arrhythmias. Cardiac arrhythmias can be caused by a heart attack, scarring from prior heart attack, blocked arteries (CAD), hypertension, changes to your heart’s structure, such as from cardiomyopathy. Most common arrhythmias in the elderly are tachycardia and bradycardia. Tachycardia is a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute and bradycardia is less than 60 beats per minute. Tachycardia is most commonly caused by age-related deterioration of the heart or an underlying medical condition. It is a disruption of the normal electrical signal. Bradycardia is caused by changes to the heart related to aging. It is also a disruption of the normal electrical signal. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition caused by the weakening of the heart and the cardiovascular system. It develops when the heart is not able to pump enough blood. Some causes of CHF would include, narrowed arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle – coronary artery disease, past heart attack, or myocardial infarction, with scar tissue that interferes with the heart muscle’s normal work, high blood pressure, heart valve disease, primary disease of the heart muscle itself, called cardiomyopathy. High blood pressure is the leading cause of CHF in the elderly. High blood bressure put high demands on the heart to pump blood. This prolonged demand weakens the heart muscle over time. The heart doesn’t pump as efficiently as it should, the blood slows down and less blood is pumped. The blood returning to the heart backs up in the veins forcing fluid from the blood vessels into tissues of the feet and legs. The swelling that results is call â€Å"edema†. Bibliography Medline Plus, Aging changes in the heart and blood vessels, Retrieved April 1, 2013 From http://www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/ency/article/004006. htm Jenkins, Kemnitz, Tortora (2010) Anatomy and Physiology From Science to Life Danvers, MA: John Wiley and Sons Inc Pat Joiner-Myers, Mosby’s Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing and Health Professions 8th Edition Medscape, Cardiovascular Physiology- Changes With Aging , Retrieved April 1, 2013 From http://www. medscape. com/viewarticle/450564_2 References 1. Office for National Statistics: General Lifestyle Survey (2007) www. statistics. gov. uk/statbase/product. asp? vlnk=5756 2. Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S et al. Residual lifetime risk for developing hypertension in middle-aged women and men. JAMA 287, 1003–1010 (2002). 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Teaching and Learning Multiliteracies

Question: Discuss about the Teaching and Learning Multiliteracies. Answer: Introduction: The term multiliteracies had been coined in 1996 by the New London Group and this term could be referred as the multimodal ways of communication which also includes the abilities of students in educational system for understating multimedia and technology (Willis, 2009). The basic goal of multiliteracies in an education system is to utilise multimodal communication system considering various different languages within different cultures and also to utilise the abilities of students for understanding multimedia and technology considering audio, symbols, video, emails and others so that uniform knowledge buildup and growth could be ensured (Victoria State Government, 2009). In the conventional education system it was a significant challenge for teaches to help students for achieving a sustainable literacy development through the schooling period so that stronger literacy skills could be achieved (Mills, 2008). Subsequently utilising this implication with the conventional education syst em the New London Group developed the concept of multiliteracies in which technology-enhanced tools of education could be adopted for students so that they could enhance their literacy skills and knowledge with better convenience and efficiency. It is a matter of debate that how multiliteracies could be utilised by teaches within education system for ensuring better literacy development of all students. Hence, it should be mentioned here that there are four major components of multiliteracies which could be the main factors for teachers within educational systems for assisting every students with their literacy development and these factors are situated practice, overt instruction, critical framing and transformed actions (Mills, 2008). Functions of each of these components of multiliteracies have been discussed below, Situated Practice The main function of situated practice in multiliteracies is to guide the students for integrating their primary knowledge so that they could take the initial approach towards meaningful learning practices (Ansty Bull, 2006). Overt Instruction This component of multiliteracies could be effectively utilised by teachers for guiding the students for coordinating with newer educational tools and techniques with systematic practice of learning techniques so that better literacy development could be ensured through proper utilisation of the technology-enhanced tools and techniques of learning (Sandretto Tilson, 2013). Critical Framing The critical framing element in multiliteracies could be effectively utilised by teaches for encouraging the students to question about diverse perceptions so that better learning experiences could be gained from diverse aspects of literacy according to diversified questions of students (Victoria State Government, 2009). Transformed Actions This component of multiliteracies could be effectively utilised by educators within educational system for generating interest among the students for applying the learnt lessons from the former three components in their real; life activities and situations so that literacy development could be ensured through practical application of knowledge (Willis, 2009). Transformed Practices or Actions It has been mentioned in the former section of this report that transformed practices is one of the four components of multiliteracies and it is one of the most unique component of this newer educational concept as well. It could be an effective factor for encouraging the practices among students for linking their learning experiences within their regular life class room and personal life activities (Sandretto Tilson, 2013). The basic concept of transformed practices in multiliteracies is to encourage the approaches of students for applying their learnt lessons from technology-enhanced system based theoretical classes into real life aspects and situations so that practical lessons could make better contribution to their individual literacy development (Ansty Bull, 2006). It is a universally agreed fact that practical application of knowledge, reasoning power and logical abilities is the most effective way for enhancing the knowledge development process of an individual and it is also effective for encouraging self learning practices in people as well (Allan, 2013). Hence, it is very obvious that the approach of transformed practices in multiliteracies is effective for motivating students to apply their learnt lessons in real life activities so that they could build the path for their literacy development depending on their own self-learning approaches (Willis, 2009). Now it should be mentioned that how teaches could play a role for utilising transformed practices within an educational system for contributing to the better knowledge development of the students. The way in which an educator could encourage students with the approach of transformed practices within an educational system is to engage them in reciprocal conversations among each other so t hat ideas and knowledge could be shared from one cultural situation to another (Allan, 2013). Transformed practices in multiliteracies is considered to be the most meaningful and effective learning practice which design the future of the society through encouraging the next generations for applying their learnt lessons in their social lives (Wright et al 2013). Benefits of multiliteracies approach for assisting all students to value diversity It is said that a childhood is the most fertile state of brain for learning the basic knowledge and principles of life and it is also said that a child brain is also highly vulnerable to be influenced by misperceptions as well. Hence, it is very obvious that the education system available to children is the base for the development of their morals, principles, knowledge and logical abilities (Victoria State Government, 2009). The most significant advantages of multiliteracies approach in education system for assisting all students to value diversity have been discussed below according to different elements of multiliteracies. First of all transformed practices in multiliteracies encourages the students for being engaged in reciprocal conversation within classroom or society with different cultural people having different literacy perception (Sandretto Tilson, 2013). Thus, knowledge sharing through interaction with different cultural people depending on transformed practices could be effectively helpful for keeping students away from conventional thoughts about other cultural people. Moreover, it could also make them realise the value of diversity as a significant need for knowledge development and sharing (Allan, 2013). On the other hand, critical framing in multiliteracies is also effectively helpful for encouraging learning interest among students through motivating their practices for uttering questions from diverse perception so that answers could enrich the literacy of all within a classroom. Hence, better application of diversity of perception in multiliteracies for better literacy development of the students could also enhance the value of diversity to them (Wright et al 2013). Literacies and literate practices are important in every sphere of life. It is important to mention that most of the individuals learn a lot of from their daily lives not only at home but also at their work and hence taking into consideration the literate practices applied at workplace and home is an important aspect. People behave differently at work and home which are highly distinct in their contexts and hence it could be said that most of the individuals apply different literacy practices in different ways at home and at work because they understand the importance of these places and also understand that their behavior will reflect on their literacy effectively. From the social point of view literacy is the way people use their written skills in their personal lives and from the point of view of business literacy is written skills which helps people to develop their organisational situation which helps to understand the organisational objectives and allows meeting them (Wright et al., 2013). In both the situations literacy practices are considered as the observable episodes which reflect on the literacy practices learned by people during their education. In professional and personal life literacy practices is extremely important. From the personal point of view there are different Literacies which are important at work as well as at home. One of the key examples of literacy practice implemented at work is written skills and IT literacy skills for developing presentation and effective written communication which helps to convey important messages at work. Overall it could be said that the combination of writing and reading literacy skills is extremely important for me at work. On the other hand literacy practices at home could also be considered as personal literacy practice and hence understanding of the different social media applications and their involvement in the daily lives have become highly important as most of the people like to be active in Facebook, Twitter an d other applications effectively (Willis, 2009). My literacy practices of teaching my nephew and niece through e-books and tablet devices have been effective for me to develop my personal literacy skills. References Allan, L. (2013). Leaders in educational thought [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgciQLj-57k Ansty, M., Bull, G. (2006). Defining multiliteracies. In Teaching and learning multiliteracies: Changing times, changing literacies. Retrieved from https://engres.ied.edu.hk/lang_arts/tasks/curricRenew-2009/wk1/MultiliteraciesCh2AntesynBull.pdf Mills, K. A. (2008). Transformed practice in a pedagogy of multiliteracies. Pedagogies: An International Journal, 3(2), 109128. Sandretto, S., Tilson, J. (2013). Reconceptualising literacy: Critical multiliteracies for 'new times'. Retrieved from https://www.tlri.org.nz/sites/default/files/projects/Sandretto_Summary_final_1.pdf Victoria State Government, Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD). (2009). Key characteristics of effective literacy teaching P6: Differentiating support for all students. Retrieved from https://www.agtv.vic.edu.au/files/Website%202015/keycharliteracyp6.pdf Willis, L.-D. (2009). A multiliteracies project in the middle school: Parents as coteachers. In 2009 AATE/ALEA National Conference: Bridging Divides: Ensuring access, equity and quality in literacy and English education, 912 July, Wrest Point Conference Centre, Hobart. Retrieved from https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:319714/UQ319714_fulltext.pdf Wright, S., Fugett, A., Caputa, F. (2013). Using e-readers and internet resources to support comprehension. Journal of Educational Technology Society, 16(1), 367379. Document: Assessment 4 Chart: Multiple Literacies and Literate Practices in the Different Contexts of Your Life (Word document)